Some surgical specialties have developed virtual reality simulators to reproduce endoscopic or laparoscopic procedures, with promising results. Medical simulation includes wet labs, mannequins or simulated patient models, and simulated hospital environments such as emergency rooms or operating theaters. 1 In 1992, the American anesthetist Gaba claimed, “No industry in which human lives depend on the skilled performance of responsible operators has waited for unequivocal proof of the benefit of simulation before embracing it.” 3 TYPES OF MEDICAL SIMULATION ![]() 2 Despite this early example, the medical community has been slow to adopt surgical simulation, mainly due to cost but also because of reluctance to alter teaching methods and skepticism regarding the transferability of simulated skills. ![]() The first recorded use of a medical simulation device was in the 17th century, when Gregoire stretched skin across a mannequin’s pelvis to recreate an abdomen and used a deceased fetus to demonstrate complicated deliveries to midwives. A crucial difference, however, is that medical professionals often must learn under pressure rather than during simulated activities. As in medicine, professionals in these fields often have to work in high-pressure situations. It is the best time for mistakes to be made and for lessons to be learned.1 Many occupations, such as emergency services, aviation, and the military, use simulation as a vital part of training. Medical simulation is analogous to a dress rehearsal. Refractive Surprise After Premium IOL ImplantationĬounseling the Over-40 Consumer: It’s Just a Conversationĥ Questions With Maria Clara Arbelaez, MD Iatrogenic Coloboma, Aniridia, and Aphakiaįree Cap Management in a Lawyer With Great Expectations ![]() The Curious Case of the Nondilating PupilĬorneal Transplantation With IOL Exchange Under Pressure: Managing a Surgical Complication in a Firefighter Candidate Surgical Techniques for ICRS ImplantationĬorneal Collagen Crosslinking: Patient Selection Femtosecond-Assisted Surgery for Keratoconus
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